Knee menisci are macro-structurally semilunar wedges and act as a congruent cushion between the femoral condyle and tibial plateau. Meniscal tissue injuries and tears caused by sports injuries, old age and accidents are a major cause of pain and discomfort among various population groups.
The main valvular heart diseases (VHDs), rheumatic heart diseases affect around 41 million people worldwide. VHDs can reduce the quality of life, physical functionality and sometimes cause sudden death.